Martin Friedrich

Research output

Research output per year 1972 1983 1995 2001 2003 2005 2006 2009 2013 2021

• 143 Article
• 29 Conference paper
• 23 (Old data) Lecture or Presentation
• 14 Poster
• 8 More
  • 3 Chapter
  • 2 Paper
  • 1 Book
  • 1 Commissioned report
  • 1 Other chapter contribution

Research output per year

Research output per year

Search results

• 1989

  Plasma Phenomena Observed in the MAP/WINE Campaign

  Friedrich, M., 1989, In: Middle atmosphere program: handbook for MAP. 27, p. 277-279

  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
• 1988

  Empirical Electron Recombination Coefficients in the D- and E-Region

  Friedrich, M. & Torkar, K. M., 1988, In: Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics. 50, 8, p. 749-761

  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

• Empirical Transition Heights of Cluster Ions

  Friedrich, M. & Torkar, K. M., 1988, In: Advances in Space Research. 8, 4, p. 235-238

  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

• Ionospheric Plasma Measurements from the Accelerator Rocket MAIMIK

  Svenes, K., Tröim, J., Friedrich, M., Torkar, K. M. & Holmgren, G., 1988, In: Planetary and Space Science. 36, 12, p. 1509-1522

  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

• Potential Observations of an Electron-Emitting Rocket Payload

  Friedrich, M., Riedler, W., Torkar, K., Managadze, G. G., Leonov, N. A., Lyakhov, S. B. & Martinson, A. A., 1988, In: Advances in Space Research. 8, 1, p. 193-196

  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

• Potential Observations of an Electron Emitting Rocket Payload and Other Related Plasma Measurements

  Managadze, G. G., Balebanov, V. M., Burchudladze, A. A., Gagua, T. I., Leonov, N. A., Lyakhov, S. B., Martinson, A. A., Mayorov, A. D., Riedler, W., Friedrich, M., Laliashvili, A. N., Klos, Z. & Zbyszynski, Z., 1988, In: Planetary and Space Science. 36, 4, p. 399-410

  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

• Some Features of RF Emissions Observed by an Electron Emitting Rocket Payload

  Klos, Z., Zbyszynski, Z., Managadze, G. G., Lyakhov, S. B., Gagua, T. I., Torkar, K. M., Friedrich, M. & Riedler, W., 1988, In: Advances in Space Research. 8, 1, p. 119-122

  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

• Studies of the Electrical Charging of the Tethered Electron Accelerator Mother-Daughter Rocket MAIMIK

  Maehlum, B. N., Tröim, J., Maynard, N. C., Denig, W. F., Friedrich, M. & Torkar, K. M., 1988, In: Geophysical Research Letters. 15, 7, p. 725-728

  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• 1987

  MAIMIK - A High Current Electron Beam Experiment on a Sounding Rocket from Andoya Rocket Range

  Maehlum, B. N., Denig, W. F., Egeland, A. A., Friedrich, M., Hansen, T., Holmgren, G. H., Maaseide, K., Maynard, N. C., Narheim, B. T., Svenes, K., Torkar, K., Tröim, J. & Winningham, J. D., 1987, In: European Space Agency: Special publications. 270, p. 261-265

  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article

• Positive Ion Composition in the Lower Ionosphere at High Latitudes During MAP/WINE

  Krankowsky, D., Lämmerzahl, P., Götzelmann, A., Friedrich, M. & Torkar, K. M., 1987, In: Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics. 49, 7/8, p. 809-818

  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

• The Ionosphere: Morphology, Develoment and Coupling

  Williams, E. R., Watkins, G. W., Blix, T. A., Thrane, E. V., Entzian, G., von Cossart, G., Greisinger, K. M., Singer, W., Taubenheim, J., Friedrich, M., Hall, C. M., Katan, J. R., Lastovicka, J., de la Moreno, B. A., Pakhomov, S. V., Ranta, H., Rapoport, Z. T., Sinelnikov, V. M., Samardijev, D., Nestorov, G., & 2 othersSauer, H. H. & Stauning, P., 1987, In: Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics. 49, 7/8, p. 777-808

  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• 1985

  Development of D-Region Electron and Ion Densities Under Various Auroral Conditions During the Energy Budget Campaign (EBC)

  Brekke, A., Holt, O., Dickinson, P. H. G., Friedrich, M., Hansen, T., Stauning, P. & Thrane, E. V., 1985, In: Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics. 47, 1-3, p. 101-121

  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

• "MAP/WINE" Electron Density Profiles in the D- and E-Regions: A Comparison of EISCAT, PRE and Rocket Data

  Hall, C., Blix, T., Brekke, A., Friedrich, M., Hansen, T., Kirkwood, S., Röttger, J. & Thrane, E. V., 1985, In: European Space Agency: Special publications. 229, p. 279-284

  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article

• Measurement of Nitric Oxide and Related Parameters in the Equatorial Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere

  Torkar, K. M., Beran, D., Friedrich, M. & Shyam, L., 1985, In: Planetary and Space Science. 33, 10, p. 1169-1178

  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

• Recent Considerations Concerning D-Region Collision Frequencies

  Friedrich, M., 1985, In: Advances in Space Research. 5, 7, p. 91-93

  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

• Synopsis of the D- and E-Regions During the Energy Budget Campaign

  Friedrich, M., Baker, K. D., Dickinson, P. H. G., Dumbs, A., Grandal, B., Andreassen, Ö., Thrane, E. V., Smith, L. G., Stauning, P. & Torkar, K. M., 1985, In: Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics. 47, 1-3, p. 89-100

  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• 1984

  Comparison of Ionospheric Electron Density Models Using Data from a Mid-Latitude Absorption Path

  Friedrich, M. & Torkar, K. M., 1984, In: Report UAG. 90, p. 19-21

  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article

• Synopsis of Mid-Latitude Radio Wave Absorption in Europe

  Torkar, K. M. & Friedrich, M., 1984, In: Middle atmosphere program: handbook for MAP. 10, 10, p. 24-30

  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article

• Variation of Derived Mesospheric Nitric Oxide in Relation to Wind and Temperature in Winter

  Friedrich, M. & Torkar, K. M., 1984, In: Middle atmosphere program: handbook for MAP. 10, p. 6-15

  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
• 1983

  Collision Frequencies in the High-Latitude D-Region

  Friedrich, M. & Torkar, K. M., 1983, In: Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics. 45, 4, p. 267-271

  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

• High-Latitude Plasma Densities and Their Relation to Riometer Absorption

  Friedrich, M. & Torkar, K., 1983, In: Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics. 45, 2/3, p. 127-135

  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

  • E region 100%
  • riometers 90%
  • D region 89%
  • Plasma density 88%
  • Carrier concentration 77%

• Ion Production and Loss at Different Levels of Geomagnetic Disturbance During the Energy Budget Campaign

  Friedrich, M. & Torkar, K. M., 1983, In: European Space Agency: Special publications. 183, p. 47-51

  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article

  • energy budgets 100%
  • energy budget 81%
  • Ions 67%
  • energetics 66%
  • Particles 66%

• Modelling of Beam-Plasma Discharge in the Laboratory

  Lyakhov, S. B., Kochmarev, L. Y., Friedrich, M., Klos, Z., Leonov, N. A., Mayorov, A. D., Shustin, E. G., Riedler, W. & Managadze, G. G., 1983, In: European Space Agency: Special publications. 195, p. 193-196

  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article

• Plasma Processes in the Region of Electron Beam Injection from a High-Altitude Payload

  Managadze, G. G., Riedler, W., Balebanov, B. M., Friedrich, M., Gagua, T. I., Klos, Z., Laliashvili, N. A., Leonov, N. A., Lyakhov, S. B., Martinson, A. A. & Mayorov, A. D., 1983, In: European Space Agency: Special publications. 195, p. 161-169

  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article

• Suggested Correction to the AFGL Reference Atmosphere or Use in the High-Latitude European Sector Based on Collision Frequency Measurements

  Torkar, K. & Friedrich, M., 1983, In: European Space Agency: Special publications. 183, p. 185-188

  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article

• Synopsis of D- and E-Region Electron Densities During the Energy Budget Campaign

  Friedrich, M., Baker, D. K., Brekke, A., Dickinson, P. H. G., Dumbs, A., Grandal, B., Smith, L. G., Thrane, E. V. & Torkar, K., 1983, In: Advances in Space Research. 2, 10, p. 81-84

  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

• Tests of an Ion-Chemical Model of the D- and Lower E-Region

  Torkar, K. & Friedrich, M., 1983, In: Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics. 45, 6, p. 369-385

  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• 1982

  Laboratory Studies for Beam Plasma Discharge Experiments with Rockets

  Lyachov, S. B., Mayorov, A. D., Managadze, G. G., Povayaev, O. A., Chmil, A. I., Kochmarev, L. Y., Shustin, E. G., Friedrich, M., Riedler, W., Laliashvili, A. N., Kiraga, A., Klos, Z., Kravchic, Z. & Leonov, N. A., 1982, In: Planetary and Space Science. 30, 4, p. 347-357

  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

  • rockets 100%
  • plasma jets 83%
  • plasma 68%
  • laboratory 47%
  • experiment 34%
• 1981

  Balloon Research from Scandinavia

  Riedler, W. & Friedrich, M., 1981, In: Advances in Space Research. 1, p. 251-260

  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

• Experiment with Injection of Powerful Plasma Jet into the Ionosphere

  Sagdeev, R. Z., Managadze, G. G., Martinson, A. A., Romanowsky, Y. A., Moisya, R. I., Riedler, W., Friedrich, M., Adeishvily, T. G., Lyakhov, S. B., Novikov, L. S., Leonov, N. A., Gagua, T. I. & Slyusarenko, I. I., 1981, In: Advances in Space Research. 1, 2, p. 129-140

  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

  • Plasma jets 100%
  • Ionosphere 85%
  • ionospheres 69%
  • plasma jets 61%
  • ionosphere 60%

• Ionospheric Electron Heating by a Rocket Borne Electron Accelerator

  Jacobsen, T. A., Tröim, J., Maehlum, B. N. & Friedrich, M., 1981, In: Advances in Space Research. 1, 2, p. 123-127

  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

  • electron accelerators 100%
  • Electron beams 96%
  • rockets 91%
  • ionospherics 90%
  • Rockets 87%
• 1980

  Evidence of Coupling Between Auroral Zone Activity and Mid-Latitude Absorption

  Torkar, K., Friedrich, M. & Stauning, P., 1980, In: Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics. 42, 2, p. 183-188

  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

  • auroral zones 100%
  • Greenland 56%
  • riometers 55%
  • Fluxes 54%
  • auroras 50%
• 1979

  Electron Densities During Winter Anomalous Absorption of Different Intensity-II

  Friedrich, M., Torkar, K. M., Spenner, K., Rose, G. & Widdel, H. U., 1979, In: Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics. 41, 10/11, p. 1121-1125

  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

  • rocket flight 100%
  • Carrier concentration 90%
  • electron density profiles 83%
  • winter 82%
  • electron density 69%

• Electron Densities During Winter Anomalous Absorption of Different Intensity Observed at 37.1°N, 6.73°W, During Winter 1975/76-I

  Widdel, H. U., Rose, G., Spenner, K., Torkar, K. M. & Friedrich, M., 1979, In: Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics. 41, 10/11, p. 1105-1119

  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

  • Carrier concentration 100%
  • winter 90%
  • electron density 76%
  • Electrons 70%
  • Ionization 55%

• Electron Density Measurements in the Lower D-Region

  Jacobsen, T. A. & Friedrich, M., 1979, In: Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics. 41, 12, p. 1195-1200

  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

  • Electron density measurement 100%
  • D region 78%
  • electron density 51%
  • Faraday effect 39%
  • rocket flight 37%

• Ion Production and Effective Loss Rate in the Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere During the Western European Winter Anomaly Campaign 1975/76

  Thrane, E. V., Grandal, B., Hagen, O., Ugletveit, F., Bangert, W., Beran, D., Friedrich, M., Loidl, A., Schwentek, H. & Torkar, K. M., 1979, In: Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics. 41, 10/11, p. 1097-1103

  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

  • mesosphere 100%
  • thermosphere 97%
  • winter 87%
  • Rockets 73%
  • Ions 62%

• Large scale drifts of ionospheric radio wave absorption

  Torkar, K. M., Friedrich, M. & Ebel, A., 1979, In: Kleinheubacher Berichte. 22, p. 257-263

  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article

  • ionospheric disturbances 100%
  • D region 81%
  • E region 80%
  • F region 76%
  • radio waves 69%

• The Seasonal Variation of Radio Wave Absorption in Europe

  Friedrich, M., Torkar, K. M., Rose, G. & Widdel, H. U., 1979, In: Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics. 41, 10/11, p. 1163-1170

  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

  • annual variations 100%
  • Radio waves 86%
  • radio wave 83%
  • radio waves 81%
  • seasonal variation 56%
• 1978

  Preliminary Results of Absorption Measurements of a Central European A3 Path

  Torkar, K. M., Friedrich, M., Wallner, W., Rose, G. & Widdel, H. U., 1978, In: Kleinheubacher Berichte. 21, p. 155-161

  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article

  • zenith 100%
  • sunspots 97%
  • night 90%
  • systematic errors 85%
  • asymmetry 63%
• 1977

  A Directly Reading Slant Range System

  Friedrich, M. & Urban, A., 1977, In: Space science instrumentation. 3, p. 449-453

  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

  • Pulse code modulation 100%
  • Sounding rockets 62%
  • Phase measurement 55%
  • Balloons 52%
  • Data streams 42%

• A Rocket Borne Experiment to Measure Plasma Densities in the D-Region

  Friedrich, M., Torkar, K. & Ulrich, S., 1977, In: Journal of geophysics. 44, p. 91-98

  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article

  • D region 100%
  • rockets 80%
  • plasma density 69%
  • wave propagation 60%
  • flight 44%
• 1975

  On the Accuracy of the Determination of Electron Density and Collision Frequency with the Faraday Experiment

  Friedrich, M. & Jacobsen, T. A., 1975, In: Kleinheubacher Berichte. 18, p. 333-343

  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article

  • Faraday effect 100%
  • electron scattering 79%
  • ionospheres 48%
  • computer programs 32%
  • collisions 29%
• 1972

  Physical Sciences: Detection of Water Cluster Ions at the High Latitude Summer Mesospause

  Johannessen, A., Krankowsky, D., Arnold, F., Friedrich, M., Riedler, W., Folkestad, K., Skovli, G., Thrane, E. V. & Tröim, J., 1972, In: Nature . 235, 5335, p. 215-217

  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

  • Natural Science Disciplines 100%
  • Ions 56%
  • Water 45%
  • Cold Temperature 20%
  • Temperature 16%