Optimization of sanding devices for rail braking systems

For braking railway vehicles in situations of an emergency or under conditions of low friction coefficient due to the weather situation, sand is brought out in front of the wheels of the vehicles. This is done by means of a sanding device on board of the vehicles. Bringing out the sand on the rail surfaces of tram ways, in particular in urban areas, involves the problem of air pollution by fine sand grain fractions. The aim of the present project is an optimization of the sanding devices by focussing the sand jet at the rail surfaces. Thereby the losses of sand may be minimised.