Can semi-parametric additive models outperform linear models, when forecasting indoor temperatures in free-running buildings?

Matej Gustin*, Robert Scot McLeod, Kevin J. Lomas

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

A novel application combining semi-parametric Generalized Additive Models (GAMs) with logistic GAMs was developed to forecast indoor temperatures and window opening states during prolonged heatwaves. GAM models were compared to AutoRegressive models with eXogenous inputs (ARX) and validated against monitored data from two case study dwellings, located near to Loughborough in the UK, during the 2013 heatwave. Input variables were selected using backward stepwise regressions based on minimisation of the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) and Mean Absolute Error (MAE), for the ARX and GAM models respectively. Comparison of the models showed that whilst GAMs are capable of improving the forecasting accuracy, the improvements are significant only up to 3–6 h ahead. During heatwaves and over longer forecasting horizons, GAMs were found to be less reliable and accurate than ARX models. The marginal improvement in forecasting accuracy at shorter horizons did not justify the additional computational time and risk of instability associated with more complex GAMs, at longer forecasting horizons. Whilst, logistic GAMs were shown to adequately predict the window opening state, incorporating knowledge of the window state did not significantly improve the accuracy of the indoor temperature predictions.
Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)250-266
JournalEnergy and Buildings
Volume193
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 15 Jun 2019

Keywords

  • Time series forecasting
  • Generalized Additive Model (GAM)
  • AutoRegressive model with eXogenous inputs (ARX)
  • Logistic GAM
  • Window opening state
  • Heatwave
  • Overheating
  • Indoor temperature

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