Abstract
Spinel phase Li4Ti5O12 (s-LTO) with an average primary particle size of 150 nm was synthesised via a solid state route by calcining a precursor mixture at 600 °C. The precursor was prepared from a stoichiometric mixture of TiO2 nanoparticles and an ethanolic solution of Li acetate and activated by ball-milling. Effects of the calcination temperature and atmosphere are examined in relation to the coexistence of impurity phases by X-ray diffraction and 6Li MAS NMR. The charge capacity of s-LTO, determined from cyclic voltammogram at a scan rate of 0.1 mV/s, was 142 mAh/g. The capacity of our optimised material is superior to that of commercially available spinel (a-LTO), despite the considerably smaller BET-specific surface area of the former. The superior properties of our material were also demonstrated by galvanostatic charging/discharging. From these observations, we conclude that the presented low-temperature solid state synthesis route provides LTO with improved electrochemical performance.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 2673-2683 |
Number of pages | 11 |
Journal | Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry |
Volume | 20 |
Issue number | 10 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 1 Oct 2016 |
Keywords
- Cyclic voltammetry
- Impurity phases
- Li-ion battery anode
- LiTiO
- Reactive precursor
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- General Materials Science
- Condensed Matter Physics
- Electrochemistry
- Electrical and Electronic Engineering