Begriffe und Modelle der Überflutungsanalyse

Stormwater induced flooding on a local scale has received increased attention in recent years. Especially in urban areas, a large number of events with considerable amounts of damage have been reported in the last few years. In the expert discussion, a further increase in the frequency and magnitude of these events is predicted due to climate change and urbanization. In the German-speaking world, different terms are used, partly depending on the processes involved. In addition to a brief description of the most common technical terms, a possible classification is proposed. In the meantime, a large number of sophisticated tools are available for a flood analysis. A hierarchical presentation of the model approaches allows a selection of the model approaches and possible combination of them adapted to the specific task and the respective study area. GIS-based methods for determining surface flow paths, cellular automata for determining floodplains, 1D hydrodynamic sewer models, 2D hydrodynamic surface runoff models, and coupled 1D-2D flooding models are discussed.