TY - GEN
T1 - Long-term monitoring using GNSS: Lessons learned and experiences from 20 years of operation
AU - Schönberger, Caroline
AU - Lienhart, Werner
PY - 2021
Y1 - 2021
N2 - Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) like GPS, Galileo, GLONASS and Beidou are used for monitoring of civil structures and natural phenomena since the 1980s. However, most of the implementations were either short term or realized in a very controlled environment. In this article we report about the experiences of more than 20 years of GNSS based monitoring of a large-scale object. In 1999 the GNSS monitoring system was developed and installed at a deep-seated gravitational mass movement in Austria and it is still operating. The system gradually evolved during the years of operation to maintain a reliable operation and to take new developments of information and communication technology (ICT) into account. This included the change from radio communication to UTMS and continuous maintenance of the hardware (revision of GNSS stations, revision of solar collectors, exchange of batteries) as well as software maintenance (Firmware updates of GNSS receivers, software updates, change to new operating systems). Especially the constant changes in the used software system results in maintenance time, which is often underestimated. From these experiences we derive lessons learned which can be a guideline for other long-term GNSS based monitoring systems.
AB - Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) like GPS, Galileo, GLONASS and Beidou are used for monitoring of civil structures and natural phenomena since the 1980s. However, most of the implementations were either short term or realized in a very controlled environment. In this article we report about the experiences of more than 20 years of GNSS based monitoring of a large-scale object. In 1999 the GNSS monitoring system was developed and installed at a deep-seated gravitational mass movement in Austria and it is still operating. The system gradually evolved during the years of operation to maintain a reliable operation and to take new developments of information and communication technology (ICT) into account. This included the change from radio communication to UTMS and continuous maintenance of the hardware (revision of GNSS stations, revision of solar collectors, exchange of batteries) as well as software maintenance (Firmware updates of GNSS receivers, software updates, change to new operating systems). Especially the constant changes in the used software system results in maintenance time, which is often underestimated. From these experiences we derive lessons learned which can be a guideline for other long-term GNSS based monitoring systems.
KW - Early warning system
KW - GNSS monitoring system
KW - ICT
KW - Landslides
KW - Long-term monitoring
KW - Mass movement
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85115090219&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/978-3-030-74258-4_53
DO - 10.1007/978-3-030-74258-4_53
M3 - Conference paper
SN - 978-3-030-74257-7
T3 - Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering
SP - 839
EP - 852
BT - Civil Structural Health Monitoring - Proceedings of CSHM-8 Workshop
A2 - Rainieri, Carlo
A2 - Fabbrocino, Giovanni
A2 - Caterino, Nicola
A2 - Ceroni, Francesca
A2 - Notarangelo, Matilde A.
PB - Springer International Publishing AG
CY - Cham
T2 - 8th Workshop on Civil Structural Health Monitoring
Y2 - 31 March 2021 through 2 April 2021
ER -