Abstract
The subfamily of sarcosine oxidase is a set of enzymes within the larger family of amine oxidases. It is ubiquitously distributed among different kingdoms of life. The member enzymes catalyze the oxidization of an N-methyl amine bond of amino acids to yield unstable imine species that undergo subsequent spontaneous non-enzymatic reactions, forming an array of different products. These products range from demethylated simple species to complex alkaloids. The enzymes belonging to the sarcosine oxidase family, namely, monomeric and heterotetrameric sarcosine oxidase, l-pipecolate oxidase, N-methyltryptophan oxidase, NikD, l-proline dehydrogenase, FsqB, fructosamine oxidase and saccharopine oxidase have unique features differentiating them from other amine oxidases. This review highlights the key attributes of the sarcosine oxidase family enzymes, in terms of their substrate binding motif, type of oxidation reaction mediated and FAD regeneration, to define the boundaries of this group and demarcate these enzymes from other amine oxidase families.
Original language | English |
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Article number | 108868 |
Number of pages | 19 |
Journal | Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics |
Volume | 704 |
Early online date | 2 Apr 2021 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 15 Jun 2021 |
Keywords
- Alkaloids
- Coenzyme reoxidation
- Covalent flavinylation
- D-amino acid oxidase family
- Demethylated products
- FAD
- Flavoenzymes
- Sarcosine oxidase family
- SOX motif
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Molecular Biology
- Biophysics
- Biochemistry
Fields of Expertise
- Human- & Biotechnology
Cooperations
- NAWI Graz