Microwave-assisted synthesis of polyesters and polyamides by ring-opening polymerizations

Microwave-assisted heating has been described as an efficient heating technique that can enhance the reaction rate for many reactions. Consequently, it is a key strategy for ring-opening polymerizations, which are often limited by low polymerization rates. This review summarizes recent efforts in the field of microwave-assisted polyester and polyamide syntheses from cyclic monomers and dimers, with a broad focus on poly(lactic acid)s and poly(ε-caprolactone)s. Homo- and copolymerizations as well as graft polymerizations are discussed. Both the polymerizations themselves as well as the preparation of composites/materials are addressed. Special attention is directed towards the discussion of non-thermal microwave effects.